Draw a Graph
A graph is a diagram (as a series of one or more points, lines, line segments, curves, or areas) that represents the variation of a variable in comparison with that of one or more other variables. In other words, values displayed on a Cartesian coordinate system in various ways depending on what you are trying to demonstrate or determine. Discrete data, such as the average price of cars from year to year, would be a represented as single points on the graph. The calculation is made only once for each year thus the data is discrete. The x axis would denote each year and the y axis would represent the average cost of cars for each year. A line graph would be useful for representing continuous data where every possible value on the x axis has a corresponding value on the y axis. For instance you might want to chart temperatures over time. You can take the temperature at any time so the data is continuous. When trying to calculate slope area, minimum and maximum of a function it is very helpful to draw a graph.
Steps
How to Draw a Graph
- Draw the x axis.
- Make a horizontal line on the paper. You may draw arrows on the ends of the line to indicate it is a number line that continues past your data sample.
- Put the label "X" to the right of the line to indicate the x axis.
- Mark the center of the line with a vertical tick mark and label it 0. This is the origin of the graph.
- Make equally spaced tick marks on the rest of the x axis. For this example you should label the tick marks from 1 to 10 on the right side of the 0.
- Draw the y axis.
- Make a vertical line that passes through the origin of the x axis.
- Put the label "Y" above the line.
- Make equally spaced tick marks on the y axis. For this example you should label the tick marks from 2 to 20 above the 0.
- Calculate the values of y for several values of x.
- We will be drawing a graph using the function f(x) = 2x. This means that y = 2x. For every possible value on the x axis there will be a corresponding value on the y axis. To calculate the value of y, plug a number into x. If x= 3 then f(x) = 6. Only positive values will be used in this example.
- Set x = 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8. The corresponding y values are 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16. The result is a set of ordered pairs represented with the x, or abscissa, first and the y, or ordinate, second. For our example we will have five ordered pairs: (0,0), (2,4), (4,8), (6,12), and (8,16).
- Mark the ordered pairs on the graph.
- Count over on the x axis then count up on the y axis. The value of y is marked on the the graph above the x value.
- You have created a graph of the function f(x) = 2x.
Tips
- When labeling the axes, use a scale that makes sense for the calculations.
- Using graph paper will make creating graphs much easier.
Related Articles
- Make a Pie Chart
- Make a Graph of Distance vs. Time
- Make Bar Graphs
- Graph Inequalities
- Calculate Slope and Intercepts of a Line
- Create a Sin and Cos Circle in Excel
- Learn the Different Equations for a Line
