Identify a Wolf Spider

Wolf spiders don't fit the traditional spider archetype. They don’t spin webs and don't catch their prey in them; instead, they stalk and hunt their prey - just as wolves do. Although it's true that Wolf spiders look very similar to Tarantulas, Wolf spiders are generally smaller and from a different family of spider. The scientific name for Wolf spiders is Lycosidae (Greek for “wolf.”)

Steps

Identifying a Wolf Spider

  1. Look for a Wolf spider's physical features. Here are some key characteristics: Hairy, brown to gray in color with various markings or lines, females are 1-3/8” (3 4mm) and males are 3/4" (19 mm) long.
  2. Look at the arrangement of their eight eyes. Their eyes comprise three rows; the first row has four small eyes; the second row has two larger eyes and the third row has two medium-sized eyes. The two eyes in the center of their faces are distinctively larger than the other six eyes.
  3. See if the spider has three tarsal claws to make sure it’s a Wolf spider. A tarsal is the final segment of an insect's leg.[1] In the Wolf Spider's case there are three claws at the end of them.
  4. Don’t confuse the Wolf spider with a Brown Recluse spider. The Wolf spider has the same brownish-grey coloration, but does not have the violin-shaped marking behind its head that a Brown Recluse has. Also, the Wolf spider has shorter legs than the Brown Recluse or any other web dwelling spider.
  5. Check for hairs covering its abdomen.[2]This is why you may confuse the Wolf spider with a Tarantula, but most Wolf spiders are a great deal smaller than most Tarantulas.

Recognizing Wolf Spider Habitats

  1. Check if the spider retreats to a burrow.[3] Examine the areas around your doors and windows, both around your house and any outbuildings you may have. If, you find one moving towards a burrow or crevice, instead of a web, that's further evidence that it's a Wolf spider.
  2. Look for Wolf spiders stalking their prey along the ground. Spiders that spin webs will rarely be found on the ground. Wolf spiders are very comfortable there and will rarely climb tall structures.
  3. Look for a white sack attached to the back of the abdomen in the early spring and summer. Female Wolf spiders carry their eggs at the back of their abdomens.
  4. Check to see if the female is carrying her spiderlings on her back. This is a trait unique to Wolf spiders.
  5. Be aware that the Wolf spider can be found hunting during the day and the night. You'll notice that most of the Wolf spider's prey (crickets, caterpillars, etc.) can be found out at day and night, as well. If you have a lot these bugs around, you can expect to find a Wolf spider nearby.



Tips

  • Wolf spiders are actually quite shy and are likely to flee if you approach them, but they will bite you if you pick them up.
  • You can control the Wolf spider population around your home if you keep your grass cut low and your shrubbery well trimmed. It’s also wise to keep piles of rocks or lumber on your property to a minimum.
  • It will be helpful to have magnifying glass handy to look at the Wolf spider.
  • Wolf spiders typically live for about two years, and are preyed on by hunting wasps.

Warnings

  • Do not handle Wolf spiders. Although the Wolf spider is relatively calm species of spider, it has been known to bite.
  • While the Wolf spider is venomous, avoid killing Wolf spiders; their venom will barely have an effect on you if you manage to get bitten but they are not aggressive. In fact, because they eat so many harmful insects, they are critically important to the ecosystem.

Related Articles

Sources and Citations

  1. ↑ http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-tarsalclaw.html
  2. ↑ http://www.termite.com/spider-identification.html
  3. ↑ http://lancaster.unl.edu/pest/resources/wolfspider.shtml

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