Mix Paint Colors to Make Brown

Brown. It's such plain word, but it covers a wide variety of colors—there are light browns, dark browns, warm browns, cool browns, reddish, greenish, and bluish browns. You learned in primary school that "red and green make brown," and while that's true, so do blue and orange, and many other color combinations! Muddying several colors together to get brown is pretty easy, but perfecting an exact shade of brown takes a little more finesse. Follow along after the jump to learn how to mix paint colors to make brown.

Steps

Mixing Brown Using a Color Wheel

  1. Examine a color wheel. A color wheel is a disk divided into colored sections in the order of the rainbow. It contains primary, secondary, and tertiary colors. Primary colors include red, blue, and yellow, while secondary colors are orange, green, and purple. The tertiary colors are those found between the primary and secondary on the color wheel.
  2. Mix the primary colors together. The first and most basic way to create brown is to mix all the primary colors together. That means you use a palette knife to blend blue, yellow, and red together until you reach the muddy color you desire. You don’t need to use equal amounts of each; add differing amounts of each color to slightly change the hue of your brown paint.
  3. Mix complimentary colors together. When you look at the color wheel, the complimentary colors are the ones directly opposite one another on the wheel. The complementary colors are blue and orange, red and green, and yellow and purple. Mixing any of these pairs will create shades of brown that differ slightly from one another.
  4. Change the lightness or darkness of your brown paint. Add black or white to lighten or darken the paint. You can choose to add more of the darkest color you used to create the brown, but this will also slightly change the hue as well as darken it. If you want a very light brown, it will be easiest to take a lot of light paint and a small amount of the brown you have mixed. Adding dark to light is easier than adding light to dark.
  5. Increase or decrease the saturation. To make your brown brighter, add more of the colors you originally mixed to create it. Making it more dull can be accomplished by adding a medium gray paint to the mixture.
  6. Change the hue. If you created your shade of brown by mixing blue and orange, you can change the hue slightly by adding other colors. For example, to create a warmer brown, add red to the mixture. To create a dark, murky brown you could add purple or green. Keep in mind that the complementary pairs of color you start with can be altered by adding as many other colors as you would like. Add tertiary colors for a more subtle color change.[1]

Mixing Brown with a Pantone Guide

  1. Obtain a Pantone Formula Guide. While primarily used in the printing industry, Pantone provides a precise color reference to help you find exactly the brown you are looking for. You can purchase one new or used online.
    • It's important to be aware, though, that Pantone defines its colors in the CMYK color space, not RGY. CMYK is the acronym for Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black. White is not included, as that is generally the color of the paper that is being printed on, so you will have to do some interpretation.
  2. Find the brown that you want. There are a large number of cards to flip through, so be patient. You can also take advantage of Photoshop or other graphics applications, which often include Pantone colors in various formats.
    • Look for the exact percentages of magenta, yellow, cyan and black needed for that color, and mix accordingly. Note that in this example, the percentages are C:33%, M:51%, and Y:50%
    • Note that magenta, yellow and cyan are more accurate primary colors, but they are not the standard for mixing paints at this time. For more information, see this article.
  3. Mix your colors. Using the proportions provided on the Pantone guide, mix your your paints to create an exact shade of brown. Although this Pantone guide is typically used for mixing ink for prints, you can use magenta, cyan, black, and yellow paint to create the perfect hue of brown.[2]

Tips

  • Even with standard brown paint, you can continue to mix it with other hues until you get the perfect shade of brown.
  • Unless you've measured your brown mixture with precise percentages, it will be virtually impossible to make the exact same shade twice through mixing colors. If you plan on using the brown for awhile, start off mixing large quantities of paint together so you don't end up running out mid-project.
  • Make sure your brush is clean before you begin mixing, or unintended bits of other colors may taint your blend.
  • Make sure to only add black paint when necessary. When you do, add tiny amounts of paint until you get the desired consistency.
  • If you want a lighter shade of some color, just mix in some white. If you want a darker shade, mix in some black.

Related Articles

Sources and Citations

  1. ↑ http://www.elizabethreoch.com/mixing-paint-colours-what-colours-make-brown/
  2. ↑ http://www.pantone.com/pages/products/product.aspx?pid=998&ca=1
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