Prune Azaleas
Pink, red and white azaleas adorn lawns across the South every spring. These shrubs are hardy and easy to care for because they thrive in many locations and conditions. Learn how to prune azaleas to keep them blooming brightly year after year.
Contents
Steps
Doing an Annual Maintenance Pruning
- Know your azalea. Azaleas are available in two main classes: native azaleas and Asian azaleas. Native azaleas grow like vines, and they don't need pruning. If you have an Asian azalea shrub, it could be one of two main evergreen varieties:
- Kurume hybrids are usually bright red and don't tend to grow very large - no more than {{safesubst:#invoke:convert|convert}}. They do well with some maintenance pruning, but they may never need much pruning at all.
- Southern Indian hybrids grow very large and fast, and are most likely to need pruning - especially if you have one planted near your house.
- Take note that when you're picking out azaleas to plant, choosing a Kurume instead of a Southern Indian will be your best bet if you don't want to worry as much about maintenance.
- Clip out dead stems in the spring. Even though both varieties of evergreen azalea should survive the winter, you'll probably see a few dead or diseased looking stems and branches in the shrub come spring. Use hand trimmers (or loppers, for thicker branches) to remove dead or damaged stems where they connect with healthy wood.
- Try to make as clean and small of a cut as possible, so that the healthy wood isn't left with a large cut in it; this can be an entry point for fungus and disease.
- Trim the bush carefully after the flowers are gone. When spring comes and goes and the bright flowers begin to die, it's time to do your annual light pruning. Use hand trimmers to carefully trim back long stems. Make careful cuts in order to improve the shape of the bush. Trim back areas that seem too crowded, and don't overdo it in the thinner areas.
- Don't take hedge clippers and shear the bush into shape. Make precise, carefully selected cuts instead. Otherwise, you're needlessly creating spots on the plant where no flowers will bloom.
- Don't prune beyond three weeks after the flowers have died. If you wait to long and prune in late summer or fall, you'll be taking off the maturing buds that will turn into next spring's flowers. If you forget to prune, it's best to just wait until the following spring, unless you don't mind having gaps in your blooms.
Doing a Drastic Pruning
- Assess your azalea. You probably don't need to do a drastic pruning unless you have a Southern Indian azalea that has gotten quite large. If your bush has started to obscure windows and take up room you'd like to use for other plantings, you can trim it back drastically without causing long-term harm. Decide how much you want to trim back your azalea, and have a shape in mind when you start making cuts.
- Cut each branch to within a foot of the ground. You can safely cut it back this much without worrying that the shrub will die. Use loppers or a hand saw if necessary to cut back the individual branches. Aim for a rounded shape on top.
- Fertilize the azalea. Use slow release fertilizer labeled 12-6-6 to keep the plant healthy while it restores itself. Keep it watered until the following spring. You won't have to wait an extra season to see more flowers; your drastically pruned azalea should produce plenty of leaves and flowers in the spring.
Tips
- Azaleas only bloom once a year in the spring. The best time to prune azalea bushes is right after the blooms fade.
- If you prune any branches from your azalea bushes that appear diseased, wipe the pruning shears with diluted bleach prior to trimming the next branch. This will help to prevent the spread of disease to healthy branches.
- For the most attractive and healthy azaleas, prune them every 3 to 4 years.
- When learning how to prune azaleas, only use pruning shears to trim them. Electric hedge clippers will cause your azaleas to grow branches that are small and twiggy and not very attractive.
- Consider wearing a pair of gardening gloves while pruning azalea bushes to protect your hands from blisters, cuts and scratches.
Warnings
- Fungus can develop on azalea branches in late summer, resulting in wilted leaves and dead branches. If you notice these changes in your azalea bushes, prune them back until you see white-colored wood to prevent the fungus from spreading.
- Do not prune azaleas after mid-June or they might not bloom the following season. Azaleas produce new buds around this time of year, and if you cut them off, they will not reproduce new buds until the following summer.
- Do not attempt to prune azalea bushes into shapes like squares. Because of the way the branches will continue to grow, they will not retain shapes and will end up looking misshapen.
Things You'll Need
- Azalea bushes
- Pruning shears
- Gardening gloves
